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Weekly Analysis: Military Junta Arrests Displaced Villagers During Reinforcement Operations

The human rights situation in Southeastern Burma continues to deteriorate, with arbitrary arrests, enforced disappearances, and indiscriminate attacks by the military junta steadily on the rise. In targeted areas of the Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM), including Mon State, Karen State and the Tanintharyi region, the escalating levels of violence being perpetrated by the Burmese military continue to undermine civilian rights and freedoms, including basic protections.

As fighting intensifies in Long Lone Township, Dawei District, local sources have confirmed that junta troops reinforcing the area have arrested at least 15 displaced villagers they encountered on the road. On May 30, while travelling through remote routes from Dawei toward Long Lone for reinforcement, junta troops apprehended several internally displaced persons (IDPs). Among those detained were four villagers from Tha Byar, who had been sheltering in the area, and eleven residents from Long Lone Town, according to sources close to the families.

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Weekly Analysis: Airstrikes in Southeastern Burma Force Civilians to Flee  as Junta Increases Attacks

The military junta is aggressively targeting civilians across the country, as their violence shows no geographic boundaries or limitations. The frequency of airstrikes, in particular, is now nearly daily in the targeted areas highlighted by the Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM), including Mon State, Karen State, and the Tanintharyi region. HURFOM and our network and partners have consistently called for a global arms embargo and targeted sanctions on aviation fuel. Too many futures have already been lost, and without immediate and urgent coordinated action, the everyday lives of civilians will continue to be rooted in fear.

One of the most alarming military escalations in recent months is unfolding in Kyaik Hto Township, Thaton District, Mon State. Since the third week of May, more than 18,000 people from at least 35 villages have been forced to flee as the junta intensifies militarization in the surrounding areas. The sheer speed and scale of this displacement signal a worsening humanitarian emergency in southeastern Burma.

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Weekly Analysis: Brutal Escalation of Violence Threatens Civilian Lives and Undermines Security

Over the last week, the military junta has carried out violent acts during its aerial and ground strikes against women and children across the country, including the Sagaing region, where military jets intentionally bombed a school, resulting in the deaths of at least 22 youths. This attack occurred in an area where no fighting was taking place, and no local armed actors were present. In targeted areas of the Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM) in Mon State, Karen State, and the Tanintharyi Region, assaults on innocent civilians have also increased, killing many innocent people, including monks.

A respected abbot lost his life after an artillery shell struck a monastery in Hlaing Kwe village, Kawkareik Township, Karen State. The tragic incident occurred at 10 AM on May 9, 2025, during intense fighting between junta forces and joint resistance groups near Kyon Doe Town. An artillery shell landed directly on the Hlaing Kwe village monastery, seriously injuring the abbot, U Thu Zar Ta, who was inside at the time. U Thu Zar Ta, aged 56, sustained shrapnel wounds to his back and arms. Despite efforts to rush him to the hospital, he sadly passed away while being transported.

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Weekly Analysis: Military Junta Deploys Violence at Checkpoints While Continuing to Extort Travellers in Southeastern Burma

The military junta has used a variety of corrupt and deceitful tactics to intimidate local civilians in Burma. Across targeted areas of the Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM), in Mon State, Karen State and the Tanintharyi Region, there remain heightened uncertainties at junta-backed checkpoints.

On May 1, 2025, junta troops stationed near the entrance of Sein Bon village in Yebyu Township, Tanintharyi Region, launched a surprise attack on a passing vehicle. The vehicle was ambushed by soldiers who had been lying in wait. The gunfire resulted in the deaths of three men travelling in the car. The attack occurred near the entrance to Sein Bon village, part of the Nat Kyi Sin village tract. The victims were identified as Ko Hla Myint, 40, from Phya-thone-Zu village; an unidentified man believed to be around 30 years old from Thatkhwe 4; and another man, aged 35, from Sein Bon village. All three were killed at the scene.

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Weekly Analysis: Forced Conscription Ramps Up in Mon State

The military junta is targeting youth to fight on the battlefields amid their ongoing losses of key territory and strategic positions. In target areas of the Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM), the regime’s recruitment efforts are taking a toll on youth, including women who are now also being forced to enlist. The rate of extortion, bribery, and illegal conduct by the Burmese Military is part of their brutal campaign intended to isolate and instill fear in innocent communities across the country.

In Mon State, the military junta and its appointed local administrators are intensifying efforts to forcibly recruit civilians and extort money under the guise of military conscription. These actions are linked to the regime’s plan to initiate the 13th round of People’s Military Service training, with local authorities across townships starting to collect money or individuals through coercion.

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Weekly Analysis: Attacks in Karen State by the Military Junta Kill Women and Children

Over the last week, attacks in targeted areas of the Human Rights Foundation of Monland escalated, particularly in Karen State. The military junta has not only continued to violate the ceasefire it declared following the earthquake, but they have also exhibited an alarming disregard for civilian lives and their overall well-being. Airstrikes and aerial attacks by the military across townships in Karen State led to the deaths and injuries of women and children.

On April 16, 2025, just after 12:40 PM, the junta launched yet another airstrike targeting civilians in Karen State, this time dropping bombs on Myaukkanmayaik village, Kawkareik Township, using a Harbin Y-12 aircraft. A pregnant woman, just days away from giving birth, was tragically killed on the spot. At least six other civilians were seriously injured, including a 7-year-old child. The attack occurred during the traditional Thingyan New Year festival, when most villagers were home participating in religious and cultural ceremonies.

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Weekly Analysis: Artillery Shells Fired by the Junta Leave Civilians in Fear and Force Displacement

People in Burma are reeling in the aftermath of a devastating earthquake as the number of those killed, wounded and missing continues to rise. And yet, the military junta has continued to fire relentlessly upon innocent civilians across the country. In targeted areas of the Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM), including Mon State, Karen State, and the Tanintharyi region, the military has fired upon homes and villages, further displacing innocent communities.

Two civilians were injured, and a home was destroyed after junta troops launched artillery shells into a village in Mon State’s Thanbyuzayat Township. The attack occurred on the evening of April 5, at 6 PM, when artillery fired from the Waekalee-based military command exploded inside the residential area of Kalaing Padaw village. There was no active fighting in the area at the time.

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Weekly Analysis: Airstrikes, Artillery Attacks Persist in the Aftermath of the Earthquake in Burma

The 7.7 magnitude earthquake across Burma on 28 March 2025 was the latest in a series of catastrophic events for innocent civilians. The natural disaster follows Typhoon Yagi, which flooded communities nationwide at the end of last year. In the aftermath, local people are being bombarded with attacks from the air and ground by the terrorist junta. There are significant risks for civilians who have been repeatedly displaced and are fearful of further assaults. Even amidst earthquake relief efforts, the junta has not hesitated to fire upon innocent villagers.

During these difficult times, the junta insists on war. Only a dictator as ruthless as coup leader Min Aung Hlaing would seek attacks on the most vulnerable during a dark moment as survivors grieve and attempt to cope in the aftermath of the earthquake.

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Weekly Analysis: Increasing Use of Drone Attacks by the Military Junta Raises Alarm in Local Communities

Due to the junta’s extensive losses on the battlefield, the terrorist military junta is turning to other forms of attacks, primarily from the air. Their dependence on advanced weaponry and surveillance from countries like China, India, and Russia has been devastating for local communities who are the regime’s targets. In specific areas noted by the Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM), including Mon State, Karen State, and the Tanintharyi Region, civilians are being maimed by drone strikes carried out by the junta.

The military in Mon State has intensified its drone attacks on villages in Kyaikhto Township despite no active clashes in the area. These targeted strikes have led to civilian injuries, the destruction of homes and public infrastructure, and significant damage to livelihoods, including farms and businesses.

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Weekly Analysis: Landmines Post Life-Threatening Risks to Conflict-Affected Communities in Southeastern Burma

Over the last week in targeted areas of the Human Rights Foundation of Monland, including Mon State, Karen State and the Tanintharyi Region, civilians faced immense risks and threats to their lives due to landmines. The military junta deliberately places and hides landmines and unexploded ordnance devices in civilian areas to instill fear and uncertainty.

Many who accidentally step do so while on their way to work or tend to their harvests. The explosions have injured and killed men, women and children. Survival rates are low, and treatment is costly and painful. Further, survivors face additional barriers in earning an income and fleeing during attacks by the junta.

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